#192 – Charles Hoskinson: Cardano

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<p>Charles Hoskinson is the founder of Cardano, co-founder of Ethereum, a mathematician, and a farmer. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:<br /> &#8211; <b>Gala Games</b>: <a href="https://gala.games/lex">https://gala.games/lex</a><br /> &#8211; <b>Allform</b>: <a href="https://allform.com/lex">https://allform.com/lex</a> to get 20% off<br /> &#8211; <b>Indeed</b>: <a href="https://indeed.com/lex">https://indeed.com/lex</a> to get $75 credit<br /> &#8211; <b>ExpressVPN</b>: <a href="https://expressvpn.com/lexpod">https://expressvpn.com/lexpod</a> and use code LexPod to get 3 months free<br /> &#8211; <b>Eight Sleep</b>: <a href="https://www.eightsleep.com/lex">https://www.eightsleep.com/lex</a> and use code LEX to get special savings</p> <p><b>EPISODE LINKS:</b><br /> Charles&#8217;s Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/IOHK_Charles">https://twitter.com/IOHK_Charles</a><br /> Charles&#8217;s YouTube: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/charleshoskinson">https://www.youtube.com/user/charleshoskinson</a><br /> Cardano Website: <a href="https://cardano.org/">https://cardano.org/</a><br /> IOHK Website: <a href="https://iohk.io/">https://iohk.io/</a></p> <p><b>PODCAST INFO:</b><br /> Podcast website: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/podcast">https://lexfridman.com/podcast</a><br /> Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a><br /> Spotify: <a href="https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8">https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8</a><br /> RSS: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/">https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/</a><br /> YouTube Full Episodes: <a href="https://youtube.com/lexfridman">https://youtube.com/lexfridman</a><br /> YouTube Clips: <a href="https://youtube.com/lexclips">https://youtube.com/lexclips</a></p> <p><b>SUPPORT &#38; CONNECT:</b><br /> &#8211; Check out the sponsors above, it&#8217;s the best way to support this podcast<br /> &#8211; Support on Patreon: <a href="https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman">https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman</a><br /> &#8211; Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/lexfridman">https://twitter.com/lexfridman</a><br /> &#8211; Instagram: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman">https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman</a><br /> &#8211; LinkedIn: <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman">https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman</a><br /> &#8211; Facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman">https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman</a><br /> &#8211; Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@lexfridman">https://medium.com/@lexfridman</a></p> <p><b>OUTLINE:</b><br /> Here&#8217;s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.<br /> (00:00) &#8211; Introduction<br /> (09:12) &#8211; What programming language is the simulation written in?<br /> (14:17) &#8211; Favorite philosophers<br /> (23:18) &#8211; Theory vs engineering in cryptocurrency<br /> (34:27) &#8211; What programming languages should everyone learn<br /> (42:42) &#8211; Haskell and beyond<br /> (46:26) &#8211; Plutus: Cardano&#8217;s smart contract platform based on Haskell<br /> (50:53) &#8211; What is a blockchain?<br /> (55:05) &#8211; Hybrid smart contracts<br /> (1:00:55) &#8211; Proof of work vs proof of stake<br /> (1:09:42) &#8211; Cardano&#8217;s proof of stake consensus algorithm<br /> (1:20:14) &#8211; What is Cardano?<br /> (1:28:55) &#8211; Cardano vs Ethereum vs Bitcoin<br /> (1:38:50) &#8211; The problem with Bitcoin<br /> (1:48:24) &#8211; Bitcoin Conference<br /> (1:52:05) &#8211; Ergo and Alex Chepurnoy<br /> (1:59:15) &#8211; Cardano&#8217;s Extended UTXO Model<br /> (2:06:27) &#8211; Chainlink and Oracle Networks<br /> (2:13:40) &#8211; Cardano and Wolfram Alpha<br /> (2:18:35) &#8211; The future of video games<br /> (2:27:10) &#8211; Smart contracts timeline for Cardano<br /> (2:34:40) &#8211; Decentralized exchanges<br /> (2:40:21) &#8211; Jack Dorsey and Bitcoin<br /> (2:46:33) &#8211; Elon Musk and Tesla: Cardano, Ethereum, Bitcoin<br /> (2:49:50) &#8211; Dogecoin and Elon Musk<br /> (3:01:11) &#8211; Hydra vs Lightning Network<br /> (3:08:45) &#8211; Non-Interactive Proofs of Proof-of-Work (NIPoPoWs)<br /> (3:12:39) &#8211; Cardano failure modes<br /> (3:21:00) &#8211; Cardano vs Polkadot<br /> (3:26:05) &#8211; Vitalik Buterin<br /> (3:34:16) &#8211; Corrupting nature of power<br /> (3:44:26) &#8211; Satoshi Nakamoto<br /> (3:50:37) &#8211; Cardano&#8217;s vision for decentralized governance<br /> (4:03:31) &#8211; Cardano in Ethiopia<br /> (4:07:33) &#8211; El Salvador and Bitcoin<br /> (4:13:50) &#8211; Cryptocurrency will inject capitalism with long-term incentives<br /> (4:23:42) &#8211; Day in the life of Charles Hoskinson<br /> (4:30:59) &#8211; Mushrooms<br /> (4:37:07) &#8211; Joe Rogan<br /> (4:42:00) &#8211; Video games<br /> (4:54:14) &#8211; Advice for young people<br /> (4:57:23) &#8211; Meaning of life</p>